Introduction
Autoimmune encephalitis(or autoimmune encephalopathy) is a multidisciplinary neuropsychiatric disorder that has recently been recognized, exhibiting acute or subacute conscious changes, cognitive decline,epilepsyAttacks and abnormal movements. With systemic autoimmune diseases, central nervous system autoimmune diseases and paraneoplastic syndromes. The pathogenesis may be mediated by antibodies (antibodies) against CNS proteins. Abs targets membrane receptors and ion channel-associated proteins expressed on the surface of neurons in the CNS, such as N-methyl D-aspartate receptors and leucine-rich glioma inactivating proteins and contacts Protein-related proteins associated with voltage-gated potassium channels. These diseases are not always associated with cancer and are therefore distinct from the classic paraneoplastic neurological diseases of intracellular proteins associated with Ab but not caused by Ab. The diagnosis of autoimmune encephalopathy is based on clinical processes, serological evidence of autoimmunity, severe but non-specific EEG slowing, and intrathecal inflammation and MRI in cerebrospinal fluid confirming neuroimaging. Treatment consists of first-line steroids, intravenousImmunoglobulin (IVIG)And plasma exchange, and second lineRituximabwithCyclophosphamideIn many cases, long-term use of steroid drugs.
简体中文