Introduction
Restless leg syndrome(restless legs syndrome RLS foot syndrome) is a clinically common disease. Symptoms and signs are separated, and the performance is severe in a quiet state, but disappears after the activity, and occurs mostly during nighttime sleep. It is more common in adults. It belongs to the category of "ricky disease" in Chinese medicine. The problem of restless legs syndrome disturbing sleep has attracted the attention of the international medical community. In the United States, the Restless Leg Syndrome Foundation has been established to help patients with treatment and raise funds for clinical scientific research.
Cause
The cause of the disease is still unclear. Often complicated by the stomach surgery, uremia, alcoholism, and mental factors are of certain importance to the onset. Especially when conceiving, watching movies, and drama, symptoms are prone to occur. Some people think that this disease is autonomic dysfunction. Infectious diseases, vitamin deficiency, diabetes, and various anemias may be the cause of the disease. Some people think that it is an autosomal dominant disease, and there are several people in the same family. It has been mentioned that the use of phenylthiazine, sudden withdrawal of barbiturates can induce the disease. Some people think that the most likely cause is that abnormal accumulation of metabolic products is caused by muscles. It has also been reported to be associated with inadequate CAPD (peritoneal dialysis) or local blood circulation disorders.
The disease has two types of primary and secondary. The primary cause is unknown, and children often have a family history. Secondary is common in the following reasons: uremia, iron deficiency anemia, folate deficiency, pregnancy,Rheumatoid arthritis,Parkinson's Disease, multifocal neuropathy, metabolic diseases and drugs.
The cause of restless leg syndrome is more complicated, and the etiology of Western medicine is still unknown. The following factors are thought to be related to the disease.
Genetic factor
Ekbom (1960) considered that the pathogenesis of RLS was associated with genetic factors, with similar diseases in 43% of the reported patients, and several families were dominantly inherited.
2. Local ischemia theory
RLS occurs mostly during quiet rests, and it can also occur when working in cold environments for a long time. Symptoms can often be relieved after activity, compression, beating of local muscles or application of vasodilators. Limb blood flow examinations in some patients also showed reduced blood flow. According to the above facts, many scholars believe that the disease is caused by local tissue blood circulation disorders, resulting in tissue hypoxia and accumulation of metabolic products.
3. Endocrine factors
RLS is also common in pregnant women. A retrospective diagnosis of 486 newly-born women was found, and 11.3% of the patients were found to have the disease. Jolivet (1953) reported that 27% of pregnant women had RLS performance.
4. Metabolism and nutritional disorders
Severe RLS is mostly complicated by diabetes, uremia, alcoholism, cancer, hypercholesterolemia and blood.PorphyrinEtc. Therefore, some people think that it may be metabolic peripheral neuropathy caused by metabolic disorders. Also considered to be associated with anemia and iron deficiency. Of the 77 patients with this disease reported by Ekbom (1966), 1/4 of serum iron was below normal; Aspenstrom (1964) reported that 42% of the 80 iron-deficient patients found in health examinations had RLS; Behrman (1955) confirmed Patients with this disease have a significant improvement in discomfort after oral administration or injection of iron.
5. Other causes
Partial venous thrombosis and varicose of the lower extremities, partial gastrectomy, taking phenothiazines and barbiturates, and mental factors such as anxiety or depression have been reported to have some relationship with the disease.
diagnosis
The diagnostic criteria for primary RLS are:
(1) Discomfort in the legs (stinging, tingling, nervousness, pain) accompanied by uncontrollable body movements.
(2) Symptoms appear at rest, mainly in the evening, can affect sleep; serious illness changes at any time (such as weekly, monthly), can affect the upper limbs.
(3) Some symptoms can be partially or completely relieved by some manipulation of the limbs (such as squatting, shaking, rubbing, walking).
(4) There are no symptoms and signs of other nervous systems.
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