Albinism

Introduction Plaque albino (mock disease, piebaldism) is also known as patterned leucoderma, partial albinism. Chinese medicine believes that this disease belongs to the class of white barge. It is only found in the forehead of white forelock, which is rare in clinical practice. Causes (1) Causes of the disease This disease is a congenital leukoplakia without melanocytes, which is autosomal inherited and completely penetrative. (B) the pathogenesis is due to the decline in the function of c-kit (mast cell stem cell growth factor), resulting in the obstruction of melanocyte differentiation. Symptoms appear after the birth of the sputum leucocysts, interlaced with black hair, the affected part of the hair white, eyebrows, eyelashes can also be white. The size and shape of white spots generally do not change with age. The typical feature of the disease is frontal leukoplakia, 80% to 90% may be associated with forehead white hair, triangular or diamond-shaped, symmetrical, located in the center of the forehead or slightly to one side, can be extended down to the base of the nose. It can also be seen before the squat, the abdomen and abdomen, the upper limbs can see asymmetrical white spots; occasionally there are white spots on the cheeks, the hair at the skin lesions also becomes white, very few patients have only a white hair in the occipital area, and no skin white spots, May be a variant of mottled disease. Some patients have pigmentation spots on the back of their hands and feet. In the center of diffuse leukoplakia, island-like normal skin is visible, while pigmentation around the white spot is thicker. Others may be associated with unilateral iris pigmentation, fundus bleaching and macular dysplasia, strabismus and amblyopia. Some are accompanied by ataxia, deafness and mental retardation, and no self-consciousness. According to the distribution characteristics of white spots occurring after birth, the diagnosis is not difficult. Diagnosis should be differentiated from vitiligo. Vitiligo is an acquired disease with a late onset, and the damage is not as extensive as the disease, and the pigmentation of the white spot on the edge of the former is more obvious. If there is widening of the eyelid distance, eyelid dysplasia or deafness, Warardenburg syndrome should be considered. Complications are associated with ataxia, deafness and mental retardation. Treatment (1) There is no special treatment for treatment. You can try PUVA therapy, try melanocyte transplantation and autologous normal pigmented skin grafts. (B) Prognosis There is currently no relevant content description.